M., Walter, P
Other peptides under investigation Several additional peptides are being studied for disc-related applications, though with less established evidence: Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) has demonstrated the ability to slow disc degeneration progression and improve aggrecan levels in mouse studies
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Wright ME, Lawson KA, Weinstein SJ, et al
Nicotine is also a stimulant that constricts blood vessels, promotes inflammation, and can lead to chemical dependence