an estimation based on serum creatinine, and incorporating adjustments for age, sex, and body size, is often used and referred to as estimated GFR (eGFR)
Use needles of shorter length (4 mm or the shortest available) and smaller diameter (highest gauge number), and the tip with the lowest penetration force to minimize pain
Woo JH, Shimoni Y, Yang WS, Subramaniam P, Iyer A, Nicoletti P, et al
All human specimens were procured and analyzed after obtaining written informed consent with the approval of the Ethics Committees of Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University (G562)
Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis Total RNA was extracted using a TRIzol kit (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) and cDNA synthesis was performed using a cDNA synthesis kit (Fermentas Life Sciences) according to the manufacturer instructions