Common reasons for deficiency include: Low intake particularly diets low in whole grains, legumes, leafy greens or animal products Gut health issues like low stomach acid, SIBO, coeliac disease, IBD, or other factors affecting absorption Medications such as the contraceptive pill, metformin or antacids, which can deplete B vitamins Chronic stress increases demand for certain b vitamins, including B5 and B6 Vegan or vegetarian diets higher risk of B12 deficiency, which can be corrected through supplementation Genetic reasons some mutations on certain genes can increase a persons need for B vitamins This is why I always recommend testing before supplementing
however, recent studies have proposed that it may promote restful sleep
The biggest risks include counterfeit products, contamination, incorrect dosing, poor storage, unknown ingredients, and lack of sterility
Early satiety
doi: 10.1159/000084739