For decades, traditional cigarettes reigned supreme, but shifting consumer preferences, heightened health awareness, and evolving regulatory pressures have accelerated a pivot towards what the industry terms reduced-risk products. This category encompasses a diverse range of alternatives, including modern oral nicotine pouches, e-cigarettes (vapes), and heated tobacco products
Fiona Smail for her insight on chemical analysis techniques and her contributions to the literature search
Trader Joes is a bit of an oddity because it was purchased by Aldi Nord in 1979 and, according to a Trader Joes representative, it operates independently of Aldi Nord
(San Carlos, CA): Commercial Tobacco Corp., no date
Further, overheating the liquid in e-cigarettes can produce formaldehyde, a cancer-causing chemical